Iron is essential for the formation of green coral pigments in SPS corals and also essential for photosynthetic organisms such as zooxanthellate, macroalgae and mangroves.
Iodide is essential for the formation of blue coral pigments in SPS, especially montiporas, millipora and acropora. Iodide also helps to protect SPS corals against tip burn.
Strontium shares the same properties as calcium in the reef system. It is consumed by corals at a rate of approximately 1.0% by dry weight. It is also important to the acceleration of coralline algae growth.